<div dir="ltr">It's complicated<div><br></div><div>Ignoring channel aggregation (CA), the maximum amount of spectrum available to an LTE endpoint is 20Mhz, which is shared with everyone in the same sector. The amount of spectrum might be as small as 1.5Mhz</div><div><br></div><div>If you have say an iPhone X with 2x2 MIMO, and can stand close enough to the base station to achieve 2 spatial streams with 256 QAM modulation, then perhaps you can get 150-170 Mbps of total throughput. The base station might have 3 sectors each with 4 bands, which could easily overwhelm a 1Gbps backhaul with 12 of these ideal iPhone users.</div><div><br></div><div>But in reality, if you share that spectrum with just 1 long distance handset who can only achieve a single spatial stream at QPSK modulation then perhaps they will get 5mbps of bandwidth, and cut your iPhone's speed to half. So now a gigabit backhaul is more than adequate even though the number of users has doubled.</div><div><br></div><div>Add in an inverse square law to the distance a handset is from the tower, and it's also apparent that the majority of users will be the "long distance" type.</div><div><br></div><div>Telcos need to get an average of about 200 users on a sector to break even on building and operating the tower, each of them contending for the same spectrum.</div><div><br></div><div>Now imagine each of those 200 users with no data cap to regulate their usage and you can quickly see how it can come undone due to sharing of spectrum.</div><div><br></div><div>Then consider that the spectrum can't simply be re-used at each site - or it will interfere with an adjacent site. It's an art and a science to design physical networks that manage this interference across cities.</div><div><br></div><div>John</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, 23 Mar 2020 at 13:32, Roy Adams <<a href="mailto:roy@racs.com.au">roy@racs.com.au</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:small">+1 needed for clarification also.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:small">Philippines carriers are a mess.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:small"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:small">Just to add to the mix, the provider I use has 10+ APN's, and on any given day, 1 or 2 of the APN's will be consistently faster than the other 8.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:small"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:small">So Backhaul, Spectrum, APN are the factors where I cannot figure the slowness.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:small">Industrial 4G/LTE router with Cat6 aggregation, and 3 or 4 out of 5 bars signal<br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:small"><br clear="all"></div><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Kindly,</span><br></div><div><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:small"><br></span></div><div><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:7.5pt;color:rgb(31,73,125)">ROY ADAMS<b> | </b></span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:7.5pt;color:gray">P</span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:7.5pt;color:rgb(31,73,125)"> <a value="+61730405010" style="color:rgb(17,85,204)">07 3040 5010</a> | </span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:7.5pt;color:gray">Web:</span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:7.5pt;color:rgb(31,73,125)"> <a href="http://www.racs.com.au/" style="color:rgb(17,85,204)" target="_blank">http://www.racs.com.au/</a> | </span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:7.5pt;color:gray">Wiki:</span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:7.5pt;color:rgb(31,73,125)"> <a href="https://ex.racs.com.au:444/" style="color:rgb(17,85,204)" target="_blank">https://ex.racs.com.au:444/</a> | e</span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:7.5pt;color:gray">Mail:</span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:7.5pt;color:rgb(31,73,125)"> <a href="mailto:roy@racs.com.au" style="color:rgb(17,85,204)" target="_blank">mailto:roy@racs.com.au</a></span><br></div><div><font face="verdana, sans-serif" color="#eeeeee"><span style="font-size:10px">Please never upgrade to the latest Windows 10 - You don’t need the hassle, and I don’t need the work.</span></font></div><div><font face="verdana, sans-serif" color="#eeeeee"><span style="font-size:10px">More seriously, the 6 months older Windows 10 releases are typically FAR MORE stable - a simple RACS script can fix this - just ask :)</span><br></font><font face="verdana, sans-serif" color="#eeeeee"><span style="font-size:10px">If you think it's expensive to hire a professional to do the job, wait until you hire an amateur - Red Adair.</span></font></div><div><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:7.5pt"><font color="#eeeeee">Life is a journey through a series of adventures... Live them, love them, hate them, but never give up on your dreams, desires, and goals.</font></span></div><div><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif;font-size:7.5pt"><font color="#eeeeee">Have you been good today? .</font></span><font face="verdana, sans-serif" color="#eeeeee"><span style="font-size:10px">ಠ_ಠ</span></font></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><br></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, 23 Mar 2020 at 12:42, Troy Kelly <<a href="mailto:troy@troykelly.com" target="_blank">troy@troykelly.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div>I understand that this isn't directly related to shifting packets - but it's come up in discussions a few times, and I feel like my understanding of things is wrong - if somebody has a few minutes for a diversion to their day - I'd love some clarity.<br></div><div><br></div><div>If a mobile carrier was to remove data caps, there would obviously be increased demand on the network. One of the arguments against removing data caps is that there is "not enough spectrum" available - and this there would be a massive speed impact for all users of the cell/tower.<br></div><div><br></div><div>My understanding was that the tower slowdowns were typically related to a lack of backhaul - but the argument I am seeing is that it is spectrum related.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Thanks in advance for any clarity you can share.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Troy</div>_______________________________________________<br>
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