<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=windows-1252">
</head>
<body text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Adding to the earlier responses - yes,
the cable generally has a copper tube as a power conductor, which
also act as a little bit of protection for the fibres which run in
the centre of the tube/cable.<br>
Pump one shore-end to +3000 - 5000V, the other shore-end to -3000
- 5000V (depends on number of amplifiers to be powered, which
depends on length of cable, and then each amplifier is powered
from a few tens of volts difference across the amplifier along the
chain.<br>
Only a few amps of current though.<br>
<br>
And these days, the industry still uses the term 'repeaters'
however they are really just EDFA amplifiers* which amplify noise
as well as signal in the analogue domain - there is no
reception/regeneration/retiming of signal like a repeater of old
might have done.<br>
<br>
*some specialist applications are starting to use Raman
amplification instead of EDFA, for longer spacing between
repeaters.<br>
<br>
A good outline, with photos that show the copper power conductor
if you look closely enough at the TESubcom sample against the
metal rule...<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2016/05/how-the-internet-works-submarine-cables-data-centres-last-mile/">https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2016/05/how-the-internet-works-submarine-cables-data-centres-last-mile/</a><br>
<br>
On 6/02/2018 8:43 PM, <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:bryan@telcoindependent.com.au">bryan@telcoindependent.com.au</a> wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:000901d39f2e$f73d0640$e5b712c0$@telcoindependent.com.au">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=windows-1252">
<meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 15 (filtered
medium)">
<!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style><![endif]-->
<style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math";
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Verdana;
panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0cm;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:#0563C1;
text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:#954F72;
text-decoration:underline;}
span.EmailStyle17
{mso-style-type:personal-compose;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
color:windowtext;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
@page WordSection1
{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;
margin:72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt;}
div.WordSection1
{page:WordSection1;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->
<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal">I should know the answer to this but my
brain is frazzled and my research is sending me around in
circles.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">For the existing and new submarine fibre
runs, do the amplifiers / repeaters require power?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">My favourite number today is 37.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU">Kind
regards,<br>
<br>
Bryan O'Reilly<br>
Founder - Telco Independent Consulting<br>
<a href="http://www.telcoindependent.com.au/"
moz-do-not-send="true">www.telcoindependent.com.au</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU">0419
632 098<br>
<br>
30+ years experience to provide YOUR business with
independent advice.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU">FaceBook;
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/TelcoIndependent/"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.facebook.com/TelcoIndependent/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU">LinkedIN;
<a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/bryanoreilly/"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.linkedin.com/in/bryanoreilly/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Courier
New";color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-AU"><img
style="width:2.1979in;height:1.6145in"
id="Picture_x0020_1"
src="cid:part4.60539BB8.BA362F7C@layer10.com.au"
alt="rsz_rsz_1rsz_screen_shot_2016-11-03_at_33423_pm"
class="" height="155" width="211" border="0"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#A8A8A8;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU">Important:<br>
This message may contain confidential or privileged
information. If you are not the <br>
intended recipient of this message, you must not take any
action based on the<br>
contents herein, except to advise us of the error and
destroy the message. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#A8A8A8;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU">Any documents
or other information that may be in this email is copyright
© Telco <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#A8A8A8;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU">Independent
Consulting 2018.</span><span
style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-AU"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<br>
<fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
<br>
<pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
AusNOG mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:AusNOG@lists.ausnog.net">AusNOG@lists.ausnog.net</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.ausnog.net/mailman/listinfo/ausnog">http://lists.ausnog.net/mailman/listinfo/ausnog</a>
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><br>
</p>
</body>
</html>